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atonement

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atonement


  4  definitions  found 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Atonement  \A*tone"ment\,  n. 
 
  {Day  of  Atonement}  (Jewish  Antiq.),  the  only  fast  day  of  the 
  Mosaic  ritual,  celebrated  on  the  tenth  day  of  the  seventh 
  month  (Tisri),  according  to  the  rites  described  in 
  Leviticus  xvi.  Atrium  \A"tri*um\,  n.  (Anat.) 
  A  cavity,  entrance,  or  passage;  as  the  atrium,  or  atrial 
  cavity,  in  the  body  wall  of  the  amphioxus;  an  atrium  of  the 
  infundibula  of  the  lungs,  etc 
 
  From  Webster's  Revised  Unabridged  Dictionary  (1913)  [web1913]: 
 
  Atonement  \A*tone"ment\,  n. 
  1.  (Literally,  a  setting  at  one.)  Reconciliation;  restoration 
  of  friendly  relations;  agreement;  concord.  [Archaic] 
 
  By  whom  we  have  now  received  the  atonement.  --Rom. 
  v.  11. 
 
  He  desires  to  make  atonement  Betwixt  the  Duke  of 
  Gloucester  and  your  brothers.  --Shak. 
 
  2.  Satisfaction  or  reparation  made  by  giving  an  equivalent 
  for  an  injury,  or  by  doing  of  suffering  that  which  will  be 
  received  in  satisfaction  for  an  offense  or  injury; 
  expiation;  amends;  --  with  for  Specifically,  in  theology: 
  The  expiation  of  sin  made  by  the  obedience,  personal 
  suffering,  and  death  of  Christ. 
 
  When  a  man  has  been  guilty  of  any  vice,  the  best 
  atonement  be  can  make  for  it  is  to  warn  others 
  --Spectator. 
 
  The  Phocians  behaved  with  so  much  gallantry,  that 
  they  were  thought  to  have  made  a  sufficient 
  atonement  for  their  former  offense.  --Potter. 
 
  From  WordNet  r  1.6  [wn]: 
 
  atonement 
  n  1:  compensation  for  a  wrong  "we  were  unable  to  get 
  satisfaction  from  the  local  store"  [syn:  {expiation},  {satisfaction}] 
  2:  the  act  of  atoning  for  sin  or  wrongdoing  [syn:  {expiation}, 
  {propitiation}] 
 
  From  Easton's  1897  Bible  Dictionary  [easton]: 
 
  Atonement 
  This  word  does  not  occur  in  the  Authorized  Version  of  the  New 
  Testament  except  in  Rom.  5:11,  where  in  the  Revised  Version  the 
  word  reconciliation"  is  used  In  the  Old  Testament  it  is  of 
  frequent  occurrence. 
 
  The  meaning  of  the  word  is  simply  at-one-ment,  i.e.,  the  state 
  of  being  at  one  or  being  reconciled,  so  that  atonement  is 
  reconciliation.  Thus  it  is  used  to  denote  the  effect  which  flows 
  from  the  death  of  Christ. 
 
  But  the  word  is  also  used  to  denote  that  by  which  this 
  reconciliation  is  brought  about  viz.,  the  death  of  Christ 
  itself  and  when  so  used  it  means  satisfaction,  and  in  this 
  sense  to  make  an  atonement  for  one  is  to  make  satisfaction  for 
  his  offences  (Ex.  32:30;  Lev.  4:26;  5:16;  Num.  6:11),  and  as 
  regards  the  person,  to  reconcile,  to  propitiate  God  in  his 
  behalf. 
 
  By  the  atonement  of  Christ  we  generally  mean  his  work  by  which 
  he  expiated  our  sins.  But  in  Scripture  usage  the  word  denotes 
  the  reconciliation  itself  and  not  the  means  by  which  it  is 
  effected.  When  speaking  of  Christ's  saving  work  the  word 
  "satisfaction,"  the  word  used  by  the  theologians  of  the 
  Reformation,  is  to  be  preferred  to  the  word  "atonement." 
  Christ's  satisfaction  is  all  he  did  in  the  room  and  in  behalf  of 
  sinners  to  satisfy  the  demands  of  the  law  and  justice  of  God. 
  Christ's  work  consisted  of  suffering  and  obedience,  and  these 
  were  vicarious,  i.e.,  were  not  merely  for  our  benefit,  but  were 
  in  our  stead,  as  the  suffering  and  obedience  of  our  vicar,  or 
  substitute.  Our  guilt  is  expiated  by  the  punishment  which  our 
  vicar  bore,  and  thus  God  is  rendered  propitious,  i.e.,  it  is  now 
  consistent  with  his  justice  to  manifest  his  love  to 
  transgressors.  Expiation  has  been  made  for  sin,  i.e.,  it  is 
  covered.  The  means  by  which  it  is  covered  is  vicarious 
  satisfaction,  and  the  result  of  its  being  covered  is  atonement 
  or  reconciliation.  To  make  atonement  is  to  do  that  by  virtue  of 
  which  alienation  ceases  and  reconciliation  is  brought  about 
  Christ's  mediatorial  work  and  sufferings  are  the  ground  or 
  efficient  cause  of  reconciliation  with  God.  They  rectify  the 
  disturbed  relations  between  God  and  man,  taking  away  the 
  obstacles  interposed  by  sin  to  their  fellowship  and  concord.  The 
  reconciliation  is  mutual,  i.e.,  it  is  not  only  that  of  sinners 
  toward  God,  but  also  and  pre-eminently  that  of  God  toward 
  sinners,  effected  by  the  sin-offering  he  himself  provided,  so 
  that  consistently  with  the  other  attributes  of  his  character  his 
  love  might  flow  forth  in  all  its  fulness  of  blessing  to  men.  The 
  primary  idea  presented  to  us  in  different  forms  throughout  the 
  Scripture  is  that  the  death  of  Christ  is  a  satisfaction  of 
  infinite  worth  rendered  to  the  law  and  justice  of  God  (q.v.), 
  and  accepted  by  him  in  room  of  the  very  penalty  man  had 
  incurred.  It  must  also  be  constantly  kept  in  mind  that  the 
  atonement  is  not  the  cause  but  the  consequence  of  God's  love  to 
  guilty  men  (John  3:16;  Rom.  3:24,  25;  Eph.  1:7;  1  John  1:9; 
  4:9).  The  atonement  may  also  be  regarded  as  necessary,  not  in  an 
  absolute  but  in  a  relative  sense  i.e.,  if  man  is  to  be  saved, 
  there  is  no  other  way  than  this  which  God  has  devised  and 
  carried  out  (Ex.  34:7;  Josh.  24:19;  Ps  5:4;  7:11;  Nahum  1:2,  6; 
  Rom.  3:5).  This  is  God's  plan  clearly  revealed;  and  that  is 
  enough  for  us  to  know 
 




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